In: Wagner RR (ed) The rhabdoviruses. Virology 150: 479–490, Alkhatib G, Massie B, Briedis DJ (1988) Expression of bicistronic measles virus P/C mRNA by using hybrid adenoviruses: levels of C protein synthesized in vivo are unaffected by the presence or absence of the upstream P initiator codon. J Virol 67: 4133–4141, Greer PA, Hasel KW, Millward S (1986) Cloning and in vitro expression of the measles virus matrix gene. 1969; Robbins et al. It is round, like a ball, and has an envelope on the outside. J Virol 66: 7033–7039, Pattnaik AK, Wertz GW (1990) Replication and amplification of defective interfering particle RNAs of vesicular stomatitis virus in cells expressing viral proteins from vectors containing cloned cDNAs. 's' : ''}}. The virus-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase consists of two subunits, the P (70 kDa) and L (~250 kDa) proteins, and is associated with the nucleocapsid in the virion (Bellini et al. Virion RNA is packaged in a helical ribonucleoprotein particle or nucleocapsid (Nakai et al. 1979). Bridgett has a PhD in microbiology and immunology and teaches college biology. Measles virus (MeV), a highly contagious member of the Paramyxoviridae family, causes measles in humans. Plenum, New York, pp 215–233, Leopardi R, Hukkanen V, Vaenconpää R, Salmi AA (1993) Cell proteins bind to sites within the 3’ noncoding region and the positive-strand leader sequence of measles virus RNA. J Virol 54: 186–193, Richardson C, Hall D, Greer P, Hasel K, Berkovich A. Englund G, Bellini W, Rima B, Lazzarini R (1986) The nucleotide sequence of the mRNA encoding the fusion protein of measles virus (Edmonston strain): a comparison of fusion proteins from several different parmyxoviruses. The eight clades are designated A to H, with numerals to identify the individual genotypes. Various viral proteins help replicate the viral RNA and make proteins within a host cell so that new viruses can go out and continue the infection cycle. The disease presents primarily as a skin rash with other mild symptoms in adults who contract the disease. Its a very contagious disease that spreads through the air whenever someone who is infected coughs or sneezes. Again, this will be carried out by the P and L proteins. Not sure what college you want to attend yet? 1.1 The structure and biology of measles virus Measles virus is a paramyxovirus belonging to the genus Morbillivirus. Measles is caused by the measles virus, a single-stranded, negative-sense, enveloped RNA virus of the genus Morbillivirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. The nucleocapsid houses the single-stranded RNA genome. Virus Res 25: 63–78, Gombart AF, Hirano A, Wong TC (1993) Conformational maturation of measles virus nucleocapsid protein. 1985). Virology 155: 508–523, Rima BK, Baczko K, Clarke DK, Curran MD, Marten SJ, Billeter MA, ter Meulen V (1986) Characterization of clones for the sixth (L) gene and a transcriptional map for morbilliviruses. Attenuated measles vaccine viruses retain these characteristics, necessitating a cold chain for transportation and storage. Virology 174: 515–521, Ryan KW, Morgan EM, Portner A (1991) Two noncontiguous regions of Sendai virus P protein combine to form a single nucleocapsid binding domain. 1983; U dem and C ook 1984). imaginable degree, area of Intervirology 19: 169–175, Emerson SU, Yu YH (1975) Both NS and L proteins are required for in vitro RNA synthesis by vesicular stomatitis virus. Measles virus Measles morbillivirus, formerly called measles virus, is a single-stranded, negative-sense, enveloped, non-segmented RNA virus of the genus Morbillivirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. Virology 160: 330–335, Hasel KW, Day S, Millward S, Richardson CD, Bellini WJ, Greer PA (1987) Characterization of cloned measles virus mRNAs by in vitro transcription, translation and immuno-precipitation. - Definition, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment, What Is Pharyngitis? Measles is a common disease that is highly infectious and caused by the virus which structure is outlined here. Researchers determined the structure of a rhinovirus C, a virus linked to severe asthma attacks, colds, and other respiratory infections. In the membrane there are two kinds of … The latest virus to threaten public health globally is the coronavirus (COVID-19), which originated in Wuhan, China. The paramyxovirus family comprises major human and animal pathogens such as measles virus (MeV), mumps virus (MuV), the parainfluenzaviruses, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and the highly pathogenic zoonotic hendra (HeV) and nipah (NiV) viruses. 1986) and the two subunits of the fusion protein (F1, 40 kDa and F2, 20 kDa) (Buckland et al. J Virol 65: 5342–5347, Horikami SM, Curran J, Kolakofsky D, Moyer SA (1992) Complexes of Sendai virus NP-P and P-L proteins are required for defective interfering particle genome replication in vitro. In: Kingsbury DW (ed) The paramyxoviruses. Virology 202: 154–163, Spehner D, Kirn A, Drillien R (1991) Assembly of nucleocapsidlike structures in animal cells infected with a vaccinia virus recombinant encoding the measles virus nucleoprotein. 1986; Stallcup et al. J Viro165: 7041–7045, Ray R, Roux L, Compans RW (1991 b) Intracellular targeting and assembly of paramyxovirus proteins. J Gen Virol 47: 301–310, Rozenblatt S, Eizenberg O, Ben-Levy R, Lavie V, Bellini WJ (1985) Sequence homology with the morbilliviruses. 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This means that its genetic information is stored as RNA. How Long Does IT Take To Get a PhD in Law? Virus Res 18: 137–152, Gombart AF, Hirano A, Wong TC (1992) Expression and properties of the V protein in acute measles virus and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus strains. EMBO J 9: 2017–2022, Vidal S, Curran J, Kolakofsky D (1990b) Editing of the Sendai virus P/C mRNA by G insertion occcurs during mRNA synthesis via a virus encoded activity. Virology 38: 50–67, Naniche D, Varior–Krishnan G, Cervoni F, Wild TF, Ross B, Rabourdin-Combe C, Gerlier D (1993) Human membrane cofactor protein (CD 46) acts as a cellular receptor for measles virus. J Gen Virol 68: 1695–1703, Buckland R, Giraudon P, Wild F (1989) Expression of measles virus nucleoprotein in, Canter DM, Jackson RL, Perrault J (1993) Faithful and efficient in vitro reconstitution of vesicular stomatitis virus transcription using plasmid-encoded L and P proteins. - Definition & Examples, Ancient Indian Architecture: Characteristics, Evolution & Examples, Strategies for Improving Clinical Practice in Nursing & Patient Outcomes, Martensite: Definition, Transformation & Microstructure, Quiz & Worksheet - Mental Illness Quotations in In Cold Blood, Quiz & Worksheet - Patriots Through History, Quiz & Worksheet - Lord of the Rings & The Hobbit, Quiz & Worksheet - History of Textile Mills, Flashcards - Real Estate Marketing Basics, Flashcards - Promotional Marketing in Real Estate, What is Differentiated Instruction? The underlying molecular mechanism, i.e., why measles virus behaves monotypically from the point of view of the immune response, has now been elucidated with the crystal structure of the viral H glycoprotein (1). After enough viral proteins and genomes have been made, it's time for the newly formed viral particles to go out and infect new host cells. Plenum, New York, pp 167–243, Ray J, Fujinami RS (1987) Characterization of in vitro transcription and transcriptional products of measles virus. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Ear infections are a common problem for measles patients, and left untreated, can lead to hearing loss. J Gen Virol 67: 2807–2812, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995, Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78621-1_3, Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. 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