At the end of the eighteenth century, Nepal was united by kings who were the ancestors of Thakuri the aristocratic wing of the Chhetri caste. The bottom portions of the houses are painted with red clay, and the top halves are whitewashed. Then many sacrificial rituals are performed, animal sacrifices are also made, people feast and visit their close and distant relatives. The caste system is still intact today but the rules are not as rigid as they were in the past. Much of the previously animist/tribal Khas population of the western Nepal region acquired the 'Chhetri' status in the 1850s with the proclamation by the Rana Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana, making Chhetris the most populous caste/tribe of Nepal. Master list of ALL Nepali Surnames/Clans (2023) - lixoti.com One of the most excellent Rishis, according to Hindu sacred texts, is Kaundinya after whom the Gotra Kaudinya received its name. Area: 1, 47, 181 sq. Adhikari, Aidi, Ayer, Bagale, Bogati, Baruwal, Bohara, Balair, Bakheti, Batala, Balayer, Baniya, G.C. They do not marry with the members of their whole maternal clan and members of their parents' maternal families as per popular quote. Though the Newah are scattered throughout Nepal, they are primarily concentrated in the Katmandu Valley and in surrounding countries. Amar Singh Thapa based on religious values developed Nishankalika flag after ceremoniously inviting Kalika Bhawani, ancestors, friendly deities and 49 Maruts to reside on the flag. [1] In Nepal's hill districts the Chhetri population rises to 41% compared to 31% Brahmin and 27% other castes. Chhetri dominated the military forces of Shah dynasty of Nepal. According to the story given in the holy book of Bhagavad-Gita, it was cows milk that saved little Krishna from starvation when he was separated from his mother. Kshetris are noted for resourcefulness and charity. Chhetri surnames - Blogger 24,399, Adivasi Janajatis ranks third with an average income of Rs. He symbolizes the Ursa Major or the Great bear along with the seven stars surrounding it. They also had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. [16] The law also comprised Pryacitta (avoidance and removal of sin) and cra (the customary law of different castes and communities). List of Gotra and Thari - Karma99 Men meet then to make bets sometimes they pledge the rich jewelry of their wives and daughters, or their own homes. Their simple, primitively decorated houses are an expression of the lack of artistic inspiration, although it is common knowledge that Brahmins like to dance and they know how. Thus, the highest military rank (Chief of Army Staff previously Commander-in-Chief) is completely monopolized by Chhetri caste.they also recruit in british army in large numbers, chhetri/thakuris dominant 40% of total nepal army strength , and they have reserved regiment the 9 gorkha rifles in indian army. Thus, while it may be true that today's Chhetri of Nepal branched off from the Khas, what has happened is that the descendants of the original Khas remained distinct, remote and deprived like other janajati groups of the country. Patan Academy of Health Sciences. Kshetri are almost all Hindus as per 2011 Nepal census. Blanks mean an unknown value. 15,630, Dalit Rs. The venerated sage in Hindu culture is behind the Bishwamitra gotra. Nepal: Growth of a Nation. Newar | people | Britannica - Encyclopedia Britannica | Britannica , Transliteration: Maawali ko thar jogaunu, Budamaawaliko ghar jogaunu. Music, theater and fine arts have traditionally been the domain of other, usually lower, castes, and, with the exception of the educated residents of the cities, Brahmins and Chhetri are not interested in art. Note that it is not always true- there are few exceptions. Holmberg, David. The Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. More than fifty (52.0%) of Hill Dalits, 47.0% of the Tarai Dalits, 48.0% of the Muslims and 30 percent of the Hill Adivasi Janajatis have never been to school. Most of the Nepalese are farmers. In March, the Holi festival takes place, differently Phagu the name comes from the Nepali name of the month Phagun in which people sing, dance and throw each other colorful powder and pour water. Nepalese Culture - Core Concepts - Home Cultural Atlas Other data may have varying ages. 38,193. Nearly, only one Chief of Army Staff (Chhatraman Singh Gurung) belonged to Non-Chhetri/Thakuri caste. Most notable contradiction is the inclusion of previously non-Hindu tribes "Adivasi Janajati" groups, as well as non-Nepalis including Muslims and Europeans into the hierarchical fold. The most ambitious and powerful among the Chhetris, the Khas kings began to further claim a new caste where they merged with the Magar kings of Gandaki region to form a royal hybrid Thakuri caste. All of these groups have held onto their traditional animistic beliefs (a belief that non-human objects have spirits). The major castes living in Pokhara are Brahmins, Chhetris, Gurungs, Magars and Dalits, mainly following Buddhist and Hindu religions. Kshetri is an endogamous unit. Joshua Project may be able to provide more information than what is published on this site. According to the 2011 census, 81.3% of the Nepalese population is Hindu, 9.0% are Buddhist, 4.4% are Muslim, 3.0% are Kiratist (indigenous ethnic religion), 1.4% are Christian, 0.1% are Sikhs, 0.1% are Jains and 0.7% follow other . There is an observable reaction to this among certain Khas Brahmin and Chhetri groups, seeking to prevent group-based rights from becoming an important factor in the country that earlier had a political system associated with group-based discrimination. Sunil Chhetri Height, Age, Wife, Family, Biography & More In 1963, a law (New Muluki Ain-1963) was passed making it illegal to discriminate against other castes led all castes to be equally treated by the law. The present Thakuri and Raute Thakuri are a single caste. In simple terms, Gotra means the clan a person belongs to in Hindu society. Even Khas/Parbatiyas who are today overwhelmingly consolidated into the four Varna structure, have been following Masto tradition since ancient times whereby Masta tutelary deities known as bange-masta, bahiramasta, thado-masta, bahra-masta, athahra-masta are invoked and worshipped. The fact is that a vast majority of the Khas have never been Hinduised, let alone 'Chhetri-ised'. [16] Swarup Singh Karki, a leading politician and military officer, belonged to Chhetri family. Now, they usually marry later, but still do not begin living with their husbands until they have matured. For example, Buddha Ratna Shakya in which Buddha is the first name, Ratna is the middle name and Shakya is a surname. The third term is moksha, signifying liberation from the suffering circle of birth and death. The ethnic makeup of Nepal reflects the historical migratory patterns into the country from the North and South. In 2001 the CBS recorded 43 caste-origin Hindu groups in the Madhesh. Costumes Of Nepal - About Nepalese Dresses For Male Female - ImNepal.com Gurung, H. (2005). They also run all the marital rituals. Transliteration: Shauryam Tejo Dhritirdakshyam Yuddhe Chapyapalayanam. Sources mention two hundred eighty-four Khas surnames exist as of today. The Newah, one of the most cultured ethnic groups in Nepal, were the country's earliest inhabitants. Terai occupational castes Dhobi, Halkhor, Chamar, Dushad, Dom, Musahars, etc. Here are some most common Nepali surnames - Adhikari, Poudel/Paudel,Bhatttarai,Nepal,Dahal,Regmi,Khanal,Ghimire,Pokharel,Magar,Shreshtha,Gurung,Rai. All Brahmini and Chhetri are Hindu and profess most basic Hindu beliefs. People believe he named God Krishna. In this process the left outs were oppressed class (Dalits), women, the poorest of the poor, powerless and the second class citizen and indigenous nationalities (Adivasi Janajatis). Chicken, duck and goose are debatable and allowance is regionally dependent. This stands true especially in this modern era where the distinction between them is getting blurred. These were adapted by Kshetri community which includes exhibition of bravery and skill, prohibition of escaping any war, giving charity and Hindu governance. Social exclusion and Maoist insurgency. Before we delve into the list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal, lets find out what each term means in Hindu culture. Joshua Project occasionally adjusts profile text from third party sources. In the Dewali Puja, Kshetris of the same clan give male goat sacrifices at a particular place. Nepalese boys may have their middle names like Prasad, Bahadur, Maan, Kumar, Ratna, Mani, etc. [2][3] Hill-Kshetri, Kshetri, Chhetri, Pahadi Chhetri and Khas Kshetri are all used to denote this caste. Brahmarshi Atri was one of the Sapta Rishis- the luminous sages in Hindu culture). When they are about eight years old, the children begin doing domestic chores. In the end, Kunwars betrayed Thapa groups by murdering the Thapa leader Mathabar Singh Thapa. The Chhetri are divided into many descent groups with names variously associated with place-names in the Karnali region or representing occupations. Caste system in Nepal - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia According to 1854 Muluki Ain (Legal Code) of Nepal, Kshetris belong to sacred thread bearers (Yagyopavit) and twice born (Dvija) Hindus.[1]. In great need of spiritual renewal and commitment to biblical faith. Budhiganga - Wikipedia History JethaBuda Jaya Baniya JethaBuda Jaya Baniyawas a great warrior who played . Acharya > Newar-Brahman > Rajopadhyaya The girl has a low status in a new family and usually the mother-in-law commissions her most arduous work. MOPE (2002). Essentially, the people of the priestly caste do not eat meat, but this rule is not usually used in Nepal. Wet rice is grown during the monsoon season; dry rice, maize, millet, and wheat are raised on drier land during the summer and winter months. The daily agricultural work of the Brahmin and Chhetrich families is usually done jointly by men and women. Maharani Lalita Tripurasundari (nee Thapa). Ravens receive sweets and other delicacies in a gift, and pets decorate themselves with flower garlands. Despite historical persecution, exclusion and cultural encroachment, the indigenous Dhimals still live in 97 Dhimal villages . Most Nepalese live in small villages in hilly terrain and are accustomed to traveling long distances on foot. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://books.google.com.np/books?id=gnJuAAAAMAAJ, https://books.google.com.np/books?id=CVLeCQAAQBAJ, " , ", https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kshetri&oldid=8422524, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing Nepali (macrolanguage)-language text, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. However, NLSS data suggest that there is a marked difference in the poverty status between Brahmin and Chhetri. Houses are usually made of mud-brick with thatch or tin roofs. It describes the folk culture of any caste and particular tribes. [13], In the early modern history of Nepal, Chhetris played a key role in the Unification of Nepal, providing the core of the Gorkhali army of the mid-18th century. People Group Location: Omid. Nepal Profile - Ministry of Foreign Affairs Nepal MOFA Only men are made as priests. [24], Chhetri had dominated high military positions and monopolized the military force at the times of Chhetri autocratic administrators like PM Bhimsen Thapa and PM Jung Bahadur Rana. It was rooted in traditional Hindu Law and codified social practices for several centuries in Nepal. Since the promulgation of the Muluki Ain (Legal Code) in 1854, the caste categorization in Nepal is taken as the primary organizing principle and the major determinant of social identity. Historically, surnames evolved as a way to sort people into groups - by occupation, place of origin, clan affiliation, patronage, parentage, adoption, and even physical characteristics (like red hair). Surname > Caste/Community/Ethnicity > Clan/Sub-caste/Gotra 1. Brahmins: The word Brahmin translates to "Supreme Self" or the first of the gods. It was an attempt to include the entire Hindu as well as non-Hindu population of Nepal of that time into a single hierarchic civic code from the perspective of the Khas rulers. Although violent acts are sometimes seen against them, especially when one of them enters, or terraces peacefully while walking the main artery of the city, nevertheless they are considered as holy beings. Cultural Dresses of Nepal | Shilpa - YouTube The population of Khas-Chhetris constitutes 17.6% but its participation is mere 14.7%. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. In 1963, Legal Code was replaced by New 1964 Legal Code. Living in rural areas, Brahmans and Chhetri usually support Newar shopkeepers in their commercial activities. Master list of ALL Nepali Surnames/Clans - Nepal Federalism Debate Sankhadhar Sakhwa (879 AD) philanthropist, related to Nepal Sambat. Also Gandharva and Rakshas marriages are not allowed. [12], They are thought to be connected to the Khasas mentioned in the ancient Indian literature and the medieval Khasa kingdom. There they encountered a Khas caste, people of a Brahmin-like culture, who in the caste order never found themselves lower, which is related to their orthodox system of principles. Rajputs and Thakuris are sometimes considered as subcaste of Kshetri while they have distinct cultural difference with mainstream Kshetris. The Nepalese have many racial, cultural, and linguistic similarities to the people of northern India. Parashar comes from a Hindu scholar in Veda, namely Parashar rishi. Population: Approx. nepali surnames and caste - centralbarbearia.com.br Angira was a Vedic rishi known as the teacher of divine knowledge. Introduction / History. Chhetri is the largest caste/ethnic groups having 16.6% (4,398,053) of the total population followed by Brahman-Hill (12.2%; 3,226,903), Magar (7.1% ; 1,887,733), . Dhimal Caste is an old tribal Bhumiputra who has been living in Morang, Sunsari and Jhapa in the present Terai region of Eastern Nepal since time immemorial with very close ties with land, water and forest. Among them, the district with the largest Chhetri population is Kathmandu district with 347,754 (i.e. The social structure of caste-origin Hill Hindu or Khas groups is simple compared to the other two societies, reflecting only three groups in hierarchy, with the distinct absence of the Vaishya and Shudra varnas. Nepal Personal Names FamilySearch They are Khas Chhetri, Brahmin and Newar Kshatriya. [13], The social structure of the caste-origin Madhesi Hindu groups is complex, reflecting four varna groups with distinct hierarchical structure within them. Series of Aryan migration to Kathmandu led to increased population and formation of a complex urban and caste-based society. Their population consists primarily of three castes, or social classes: the Brahmins (priests and scholars); the Kshatriyas (rulers and warriors); and the Achut (laborers and servants). Chhetri belongs to the Indo-Arya which is part of the Kshatriya varna, and speak mainly Nepali. Nepalese girls were traditionally married before they reached the age of ten. Another revered Rishi in Hindu mythology is Vatsa after whom Vatsa gotra emerged. Nepalese children, whether born to landowners or to servants, are treated well. Kshetris celebrate many Hindu festivals like Dashain (Dussehra), Tihar (Deepawali), Maghe Sankranti, Janai Purnima, Holi, etc. The surname Khatri Chhetri in actual is the misinterpretation of the original name Katyuris Kshatriyas, which eventually changed a long time back . Rural political life has its own dynamism, independent of changes on the national political scene. Rana Jang Pande, the leader of Pande faction, was the Prime Minister of Nepal in 1841 A.D.[25] which might have caused large Pande officers at 1841. Caste System: Theories and Practices in Nepal. nepali surnames and caste The caste system defines social classes by a number of hierarchical endogamous groups often termed jaat. Social exclusion and Maoist insurgency. They are categorized by family deity and single gotra. (Census, 2001), In recent times, following the overthrow of the Nepali monarchy and move towards a federal republic, ethnicity and caste have taken center stage the indigenous peoples (Adivasi Janajati) who make up a third of the country having been guaranteed rights that have not yet been fulfilled. Garga is another excellent sage in Hindu mythology. There was a popular folk legend that the Chinese failed the strategic attacks on 1792 AD due to the effect of religious war cry of Jai Bhawani. 6 1 PROJECT INTRODUCTION 1. . The restructuring also yielded power to newly formed Malla aristocracy of the Chathariya Shrestha who formed the new powerful aristocratic caste of the Malla kingdom. A priest from the boys family consults the girls family to establish a favorable date for the ceremony based on the lunar calendar. Chhetris, who look like the Brahmins also have an Indo-Aryan origin, have been traditionally classified as warriors and administrators. The most important part of the ceremony is kanyadan, the ritual of handing the bride over to the bridegroom in the hands of the groom. Chhetri - Wikipedia [5] The nobility of the Gorkha Kingdom mainly originated from Chhetri families. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Although most Nepalese are Hindus, there are still a large number of Buddhists and Muslims. 26 million with absent population of 1.9 million and growth rate of 1.35% per annum. of Nepal and a New Constitution A Resource on the Situation of Dalits in Nepal, their Demands and the Implications for a new Constitution Compiled by: United Nations Development Programme Kathmandu, September 2008 UNDP Nepal UN House, Pulchowk G.P.O. Between India & Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. In the court struggle for power, Pande Khalaks and Thapa Khalaks were fierce opponents. Bhadrakali, a popular form of Goddess Kali, is the main deity of the Nepalese Army (previously Gorkhali Army) due to prevalence of Kshetri commanders. Brahmini and Chhetri receive medical help from various sources, both from Ayurvedic medicine physicians, from the Buddhist lama if he enjoys the reputation of a healer or from a shaman who recommends treatment by entering into a trance or from a certified doctor of Western medicine. The civil service representation to population ratio is 1.18 times for Kshetri. 94 Intriguing Newari Surnames and Caste Based on their Traditional Occupation, 100 Popular Nepali Brahmin Surnames Or Last Names, By Region. From now on as long as her husband is alive a married woman wears vermilion powder on her brocaded brocade. Newar lowest occupational castes Dom, Podhya, Chyamaha/Chandala, etc. _"There are 125 caste/ethnic groups reported in the census 2011. In front of the house and sometimes on the floor of the room inside the house wonderful colorful pictures are created with the help of colorful sand or dyed rice flour, colored beans and flower petals as an invitation to the holy deities to the house. Maithali language comes in the second position because it is spoken by 12.30% people of the total Nepalese. Kshetri are not allowed to eat beef, buffalo, pig, felines and all wild forms of them as per Hindu rituals for Kshatriya. Though Nepal is a small country, it comprises various types of traditional dance. This custom was traditionally only prevalent in the three Indo Aryan societies of the Khas, Madhesi, and Newars. 117. Baniya : A Chhetri Community of Nepal. Moreover, there are concerns about Sagotri marriage practice not just culturally/ morally but from a scientific point of view as well. The term gotra refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. When we look back to history, caste divides people into social groups based on their wealth, occupation, rank and race. Nepal's Downtrodden: A nation struggles to find the way to relieve 4.5 million Dalits from the stigma of "untouchability". They are recognized for their bravery and administrative skills. [6] All of the Prime Minister of Nepal between 1768 and 1950 were Chhetris with the exception of Ranga Nath Poudyal, being a Brahmin. See here the total Nepali Thar haru. Brahmin is the highest Varna in Vedic Hinduism. While this is being said, we also have to acknowledge that this division of caste has created discrimination. Brahman and Chhetri of Nepal | Encyclopedia.com Mandabya was a great sage as per Hindu texts. What caste does it fall into?
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