She's also done training and curriculum design for a financial institution and been a science museum educator. (July 7, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1984/milstein-bio.html, Molina, Mario J. Learn more: Thomas David Petite, Readworks. Learn more: Thomas Edison National Historical Park. Try this: Make your own shampoo and test how it performs. "The Leprosy Bacillus, Circa 1873." Since 2007, the most important method of distributing the Internet has been the El Paquete Semanalor, The Weekly Package. From groundbreaking biologists and physicists to innovators in the fields of medicine, botany, and environmental studies, here are 10 game-changing Hispanic scientists you should know about. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine. Here are a few basic designs to get you started. Try this: Wow your science fair judges by building a Tesla Coil of your own. From illegally installing rooftop radio antennas to record American music to hotwiring antique cars, Cubans are ingenious at figuring out workarounds to barriers that would otherwise keep them decades behind their neighbors. Twenty years ago, Cuban leader Fidel Castro launched the Future Project, a plan to integrate the software industry into the countrys economy. She became an astronaut in 1991 and flew four shuttle missions. Now, wifi and warming relations with the U.S. are paving the way for a digital revolution. Biographies of famous latin or hispanic inventors from the latin world: Narciso Monturiol, Ellen Ochoa, Baruj Benacerraf, Carlos Finlay, Bernardo Houssay, Luis Federico Leloir, Milstein, Severo Ochoa de Albornoz, Santiago Ram Cajal and Miguel Servet. The cost, around $2 an hour, is prohibitive for locals, but enterprising Cubans have figured out how to divide them up to sell in smaller allotments. Chang-Daz was born in San Jos, Costa Rica, and earned his doctorate in Applied Plasma Physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). (July 3, 2014) http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/05/12/us-venezuela-people-convit-idUSKBN0DS1A720140512, Crutzen, Paul. Try this: Follow Bill Nyes lead and try this candle-extinguishing experiment to learn how effective face masks are. These ulcers can become vulnerable to gangrene (tissue death), and in a worst-case scenario can result in toe, foot or leg amputations. Along with fellow chemist Sherwood Rowland, Molina found that CFCschemicals commonly used as refrigerants, and colloquially known as Freonreleased into the atmosphere were contributing to ozone depletion. Known for: This Founding Father was an innovator in more ways than one, and he was among historys most famous inventors. This list may not reflect recent changes . But barriers to access remaincontinuously testing the islands ingenuity. The pair have attracted devoted fans that follow their shows across Havana. Today, yellow fever afflicts roughly 200,000 and kills 30,000 people annually, mostly in African areas lacking vaccines. Certain mouse spleen cells offered hope, but the specific antibodies they produced died too quickly to be useful. Armstrong also noted that besides amputation, the only treatment currently available to Americans with diabetic foot ulcers is a cream with a "black box warning," indicating that the treatment has serious or life-threatening side effects. Known for: At a time when most Black men in the United States were slaves, Jennings was born free in New York City. Hes known as the Father of the Video Game and helped develop some of the earliest gaming consoles. (July 3, 2014) http://www.bbc.com/news/health-27389259, Benacerraf, Baruj. Symptom reduction remains the only treatment; untreated, the disease has a 50 percent mortality rate. "This drug is not some new drug, [and] its been around as long as the others, Colevas said. In contrast, China has completed or is currently conducting at least 25 Nimotuzumab trials. Try this: Experiment by building paper airplanes to see which design performs best in flight. Electronics are still hard to buy in Cuba, and often come from relatives who live in the United States. House fans built from telephone components and an LP vinyl disc as blades.. "Leprosy Vaccine Scientist Dies, Aged 100." The Routledge Dictionary of Anthropologists. Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. Ascertaining the genetic basis of this major histocompatibility complex, or MHC, earned Baruj Benacerraf the 1980 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine and advanced our understanding of immune response and autoimmune diseases (such as multiple sclerosis) by leaps and bounds. The island nation, hemmed in by a 54-year trade embargo with the U.S., cant exchange goods with one of the worlds largest economies and the largest medical market. "Role Models in Science & Engineering Achievement: Bernardo Alberto Houssay." "Baruj Benacerraf -- Biographical." And while they definitely belong on this list, theyre just the start of the innovators and inventors that kids ought to know. Water pump motors propel bicycles, clothes dryers are repurposed into coconut shredders. Head and neck cancers make up approximately 3 percent of all cancers in the U.S., affecting about 52,000 Americans every year. Invented by researchers at the Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM) in Havana, CimaVax targets a growth factor in cancer cells in a way that can arrest the spread of the disease. Learn more: Alexander Graham Bell (Brittanica). In 2015, Cuba opened up dozens of wifi zones across Havana. Sep. 2, 1988. Try this: Check out this video to learn more about the Smart Grid and how its used. "Luis Federico Leloir." You may not know what reCAPTCHA is, but you see it almost every time you sign into a new website. "Csar Milstein, 74, Who Won Joint Nobel Prize in Medicine." Try this: Screen movies using a homemade projector built with a cardboard box and a magnifying glass. Convits vaccines for leprosy and leishmaniasis are no longer in use, and the search continues for universally effective and acceptable vaccines for both diseases. To wit: Mark Cuban. Countries of origin include: Argentina, Cuba, Spain, United States and Venezuela. "Nobel Lecture: My Life with O3, NOX and other YZOXs." In fact, Lee said, Roswell Park is preparing for another clinical trial of Nimotuzumab in combination with an FDA-approved treatment to see how effective it will be against lung cancer. These endeavors, combined with his contributions to cracking the Mixtec Codices, marked his best-known accomplishments in anthropology [sources: Anthropology News; Encyclopaedia Britannica; Gaillard; Smithsonian]. Ochoa researched information processing at Sandia National Laboratories and NASA Ames Research Center and listed as co-inventor on three patents in optics, object recognition and image processing. To tackle the task, Alvarez developed his own bubble chamber, camera stabilizers and a computerized system for analyzing bubble photographs. Today, 50 plant species are named for her. Still, the country is an unlikely global leader in public health and scientific investment. Dec. 8, 1995. (July 4, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1980/benacerraf-bio.html, Chang, Kenneth. Our final entry jointly honors two pioneers of space: physicist Franklin Chang-Daz, the first Hispanic-American astronaut, and engineer Ellen Ochoa, the first female Hispanic-American astronaut (see her picture on the first page). 268. But Convit, who was born in Caracas, Venezuela, and died there a century later, extended his hand beyond the confines of the lab or doctor's office. Aug. 08 2001. (July 7, 2014) http://www.6911norfolk.com/d0lbln/105f06/105f06-wohl-alvarez.pdf, World Health Organization. Cuban inventor Yolando Perez Paez uses his new makeshift crop spraying tool on a corn field at a farm near the village of Guira de Melenas in the province of Artemisa, some 50 km (31 miles). How a zoo break-in changed the life of an owl called Flaco, Naked mole rats are fertile until they die, study finds. Try this: Make your own camera obscura with a box and basic household supplies. Shortly after taking power, he legalized private home computers, mobile phones, and DVD players. Born in New York City in 1929, Puerto Rican-American pediatrician and healthcare advocate Helen Rodrguez Tras helped improve access to public health services for women and children in both the United States and Puerto Rico. Given the thousands of lives he saved and the decades of scorn he endured, we'd say he deserved them. She filed her patent in 1966, and it includes innovations still used today. On the rooftop of Flauta Magica bar and restaurant, DJ Joan Coffigny spins deep house music. In 2012, she was named JSC director -- the first Hispanic person and second woman to do so [sources: NASA; NASA]. Salsa and ballet have long been staples of Cuban culture, but other dance forms are arriving. As economic and diplomatic relations between the U.S. and Cuba continue to normalize, here's hoping that these promising Cuban medical treatments can be investigated fully in the U.S. Americans have been waiting long enough. Can we bring a species back from the brink? "Luis Alvarez: 1911-1988." 1998. Learn more: The Farmboy Who Invented Television (Smithsonian Magazine). The roughly 5,000-year-old human remains were found in graves from the Yamnaya culture, and the discovery may partially explain their rapid expansion throughout Europe. Try this: Da Vinci was fascinated by flying machines. This story originally ran in 2016. Born in Buenos Aires in 1968, physicist Juan M. Maldacena studies the relationship between quantum gravity and quantum field theories. LEFT: Cuban inventor Yolando Perez Baez demonstrates his engine-starting device which can work in the place of a starter motor-a component that frequently fails. May 13, 2014. This allowed mass production of his incredibly popular Model T and other cars. As a teenager, Estefan's family fled the Cuban. Known for: Edison and Teslas rivalry is well-known. Gloria Estefan. Father of singers Joan Baez and Mimi Faria, Mexican-American physicist Albert Baez was the co-inventor of the X-ray reflection microscope. Hes also received a Nobel Prize for his research on bacterial enzyme, which has enabled inventions related to synthesized RNA. The seven-time Grammy Award winner. Learn more: Ajay BhattThe Inventor of the USB. Photo by Ernesto Oroza. May 2005. Tesla was the inventor and proponent of alternating current, which was ultimately proven more reliable than Edisons direct current. Sure, politicized scientific issues like global climate change might instigate rancorous debate, but this smoke, though toxic in its own way, is nothing compared to the fire under which teachers, intellectuals and scientists have lived during many authoritarian regimes. Learn more: Madam C. J. Walker Official Website. "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988." Ernesto Lecuona, often regarded as the greatest Cuban composer Esteban Salas y Castro, 18th century Cuban baroque composer Gonzalo Roig, often regarded as one of the greatest composers of Cuba, "Quiere me mucho"/ Cecilia Valdez Ignacio Cervantes, Chopinesque piano composer Jos White Lafitte, violinist and composer
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