Classification of Crude Oil API Gravity API =(141.5/sp.gravity)-131.5 • Light Crude Oil >31 • Mixed Based 22-31 • Heavy crude <22 API is a major factor for Crude pricing Fuel Properties Standards Organizations SAE – Society of Automotive Engineers ASTM – American Society for the Testing of Materials API – American Petroleum Institute Crude oil is the essential source of fossil fuels in the world. Crude oil can be classified in the following types; 1)-Sulfur Based Classification. Oxygen occurs in different forms in oxygen-bearing resinous substances. Author: Dr. Semih Eser, Professor of Energy and Geo-Environmental Engineering, College of Earth and Mineral Sciences, Penn State. •Paraffins are the desired content in crude and what are used to make fuels. Crude Oil Classifications The petroleum industry often names crude based on the oil’s geographical source — for example “West Texas Intermediate.” Crude oil is also classified based on physical characteristics and chemical composition, using terms such as “sweet” or “sour,” “light” or “heavy.” Categorised as a GROUP I base oil it is typically about 95 saturated hydrocarbon and 5 aromatic hydrocarbon content. Free + Easy to edit + Professional + Lots backgrounds. In addition, small amounts of organic compounds containing sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and metals such as https://www.slideshare.net/pamcudal/classifications-of-crude-oil The petroleum industry typically classifies crude oil based on the following three ways:Geographic Location – The geographic location of the oil field where the oil is recovered is commonly used to classify it. Nelson 23 gives a list of methods for judging the base of an oil. Medium weight oils register between 20 and 25 on the gravity scale, and light oils are more than 25 … Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International … The purpose of these is very different, and also the physical or chemical parameters which have been used in the classifications. One of the largest and major Classifications of Crude oil is Brent Blend, which is found in the North Sea. Crude oil with low content of sulfur means ‘sweet’ and the presence of high content sulfur is known as ‘sour’. The estimation of reserves of natural gas, gas condensate and crude oil can be broken down into two components: (i) geological reserves, or the quantities of natural gas, gas condensate and crude oil contained in the subsoil and (ii) These oils have a tendency to be very unstable. Nitrogen varies from 0.01 to 2%. Low Sulfur crudes are high in price and better in quality. One oil type is not necessarily “better” than another, but rather the different types are useful in different applications. This measurement reflects how light or heavy a crude oil is compared to water. Crude Oil Benchmarks • A benchmark crude or marker crude is a crude oil that serves as a reference price for buyers and sellers of crude oil. flash points and fire points of lubricating oils can be determined by ASTM method D 92/IP 170 Many fresh crude oils have flash points below 10oC and/or viscosities above 9.5 cSt at 25oC. This courseware module is part of Penn State's College of Earth and Mineral Sciences' OER Initiative. On the gravity scale, water represents the heavy end of the scale 10 gravity. Various crude oil classifications have been proposed by geochemists and petroleum refiners. This classification offers little information about general toxicity, physical state, and changes that occur with time and weathering. 93% of Fortune 1000 companies use our PowerPoint Products Standing Ovation Award Winner: Best PowerPoint Template Collection Network Solutions protects your online transactions with secure SSL encryption. Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap...And Others Don't, The Baller: A Down and Dirty Football Novel, The 5 Love Languages: The Secret to Love that Lasts, Battlefield of the Mind: Winning the Battle in Your Mind, Exploit Loophole 609 to Boost Your Credit Score and Remove All Negative Items From Your Credit Report, No More Mr. Nice Guy: A Proven Plan for Getting What You Want in Love, Sex and Life, Leadership Strategy and Tactics: Field Manual, 100% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 0% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, Save Crude oil charactertistcs.ppt For Later. Apart from considering the properties indicated in the reports by N. A. C. Smith,17 The standard unit of measurement is API Gravity. Oils weighing in between 10 and 20 gravity are considered heavy. 1 shows the TBP curve shapes for a selection of crude oils from this set of data. MARGOSCHES : CLASSIFICATION OF CRUDE OILS. Crude oil can be referred to as Sour or Sweet, based upon the sulfur content. as d. issolved gas in the crude oil (Levinson, 1974). You’ve probably heard people referencing “sweet” and “sour” oil. Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons, often found together with natural gas. The A.Psulphur, oxygen, carbondioxide, nitrogen and trace metals. Russian Classification of Reserves . Heavy crude oil evaporates slowly and contains material that will be used to make heavy products like asphalt. process of crude oil that has been separated and purified. Composition and Classification of Crude Oils Crude oil is a complex liquid mixture made up of a vast number of hydrocarbon compounds that consist mainly of carbon and hydrogen in differing proportions. 3 oils from the producing fields throughout the world fell definitely in one of the three classes : paraffin, intermediate, or naphthene base. Various crude oil classifications have been proposed by geochemists and petroleum refiners. AP… Petroleum (or crude oil) is a complex, naturally occurring liquid mixture containing mostly hydrocarbons, but containing also some compounds of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. Some of the more common crude oil grades that have regular price assessments are: In typical oil reservoirs, the oil density decreases with pressure depletion until it reaches the lowest value at the bubble point. fPour Point. There is more on classifications later. PowerPoint Templates > Crude oil . Crude oils also contain a great variety of heteroatomic chemical constituents, comprising of crude oil. Crude oil comes in hundreds of different varieties or "grades." The purpose of these is very different, and also the physical or chemical parameters which have been used in the classifications. Classifications are made based on the sulfur content as well. Determination of many physicochemical properties of crude oils such as °API gravity, kinematic viscosity, SARA analysis, pour point, and carbon residue are of the most important general trends in the oil industries [].Among the various properties of crude oils [, , , ], °API gravity is a fundamental properties in … 2.1 Crude oil API gravity. Crude oil density is defined as the mass of a unit volume of the crude at a specified pressure and temperature and expressed in g/cc. Download Crude Oil PowerPoint templates (ppt) and Google Slides themes to create awesome presentations. A few basic types of crude oil are given below: (1) The very light crude oils involve Gasoline, Jet fuels, Kerosene, Naphtha light and heavy, Petroleum Ether, Spirit, and Naphtha. Fig. Previous 22 The liquid type material is generally employed where it can be easily contained and relatively 200,000+ satisfied customers worldwide! reservoir ... oil shale under the broad classification of hydrocarbon resources has required . These grades are valued differently by refiners based on their crude qualities.. However, classification of crude oil types by geographical source is not a useful classification scheme for response personnel. The lower the sulphur content, the higher the price as well because low-sufur, sweet crude requires less refining. In this blog, I have tried to cover all the types of crude oil. 7. With an API gravity of 38.3 degrees and 0.37% of sulfur, this blend of crude oil comes from 15 various oil … Sulfur in crude oil is an important parameter of quality. The list covers a range of crude oil types from gas condensates to heavier oils, containing samples from across the world, and constitutes one of two major data sets used in the current study. CLASSIFICATION OF CRUDE OIL Petroleum crude oil is referred to generically as a fossil energy resource and is further classified as a hydrocarbon resource, coal and oil shale kerogen have also been included Crude oil . Characteristics of Crude Oil. Thus crude oil might be called West Texas Intermediate, Brent Blend, or Dubai-Oman.API Gravity – API gravity refers to a density scale developed and used by the American Petroleum Institute (API). Sweetness of Crude Oil. Weight of Crude Oil. Crude grades. Classification of petroleum also indicates the best use for a particular field of petroleum. These characteristics are primary considerations in oil spill response. •The shorter the paraffins are, the lighter the crude is. Powerpoint presentation on crude oil, how it is created, fractional distillation, hydrocarbons, combustion, alkenes, global warming and acid rain. •Napthenes:These can make up 30 to 60% of crude. can also be brought to the surface by injecting water or steam into the . It is often referred to as the “black gold.” The Rockefellers, the Rothschilds, the Gettys, the Hammers and the royal families of the Persian Gulf area would certainly agree. •The hydrocarbons in crude oil can generally be divided into four categories: •Paraffins: These can make up 15 to 60% of crude. • There are three primary benchmarks,West Texas Intermediaries(WTI),Brent Blend and Dubai Crude. Crude oil's classification as either “light” or “heavy” depends on the oil’s relative density, based on the American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity. The pour point of an oil is the lowest temperature at which the oil will just flow, under standard test conditions. PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd, Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap...And Others Don't, The Baller: A Down and Dirty Football Novel, The 5 Love Languages: The Secret to Love that Lasts, Battlefield of the Mind: Winning the Battle in Your Mind, Exploit Loophole 609 to Boost Your Credit Score and Remove All Negative Items From Your Credit Report, No More Mr. Nice Guy: A Proven Plan for Getting What You Want in Love, Sex and Life, Leadership Strategy and Tactics: Field Manual, 0% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 0% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, Save Classification of Crude Oil For Later. https://www.scribd.com/presentation/337336706/Classification-of-Crude-Oil Three primary benchmarks, West Texas Intermediaries ( WTI ), Brent Blend and crude... Lots backgrounds different types are useful in different applications part of Penn State 's of... 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